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Age-Related Macular Degeneration
Age-related macular degeneration (AMD) is typically an age-mediated condition of the retina that blurs vision, and usually worsens over time. It may even result in blindness. The primary risk factors are genetic predisposition, smoking, and poor lifestyle habits, such as following a standard american diet. Regular eye exams, lifestyle modifications (diet, exercise), smoking cessation, can reduce the risk of developing AMD.
Key features of age-related macular degeneration:
- Blurred or distorted vision, blind spots, difficulty reading or recognizing faces, and sensitivity to light.
- Degeneration of the retinal pigment epithelium and photoreceptors, which can lead to choroidal neovascularization and scarring.
- Often results in irreversible vision loss, difficulty performing daily activities, depression, and anxiety.
The pathophysiology of AMD is still not very well understood, and there are many hypotheses that can account for the phenomenon. However, certain genetic mediators have been discovered, though their precise mechanisms have yet to be elucidated.
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