### Argument Against Libertarian Free Will

| <font color="CC6600">**Definiendum**</font> | <font color="CC6600">**Definiens**</font> |
|:-------------------------------------------:|:----------------------------------------- |
|    <font color="CC6600">**P(x)**</font>     | (x) is deterministic                      |
|    <font color="CC6600">**Q(x)**</font>     | (x) follows from antecedent conditions    |
|    <font color="CC6600">**R(x)**</font>     | (x) violates causality                    |
|      <font color="CC6600">**x**</font>      | an event                                  |
|      <font color="CC6600">**w**</font>      | a libertarian free choice                 | 

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<b>P1)</b></font> For all x, where x is an event, x is deterministic if, and only if, x follows from antecedent conditions.
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<b>(∀x(Px↔Qx))</b>
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<b>P2)</b></font> For all x, where x is an event, x violates causality if, and only if, x does not follow from antecedent conditions.
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<b>(∀x(Rx↔¬Qx))</b>
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<b>P3)</b></font> A libertarian free choice is not deterministic.
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<b>(¬Pw)</b>
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<b>C)</b></font> Therefore, a libertarian free choice violates causality.
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<b>(∴Rw)</b>
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