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45 lines
1.7 KiB
Markdown
45 lines
1.7 KiB
Markdown
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# Proteoglycans
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Proteoglycans are complex macromolecules that play crucial roles in various tissues, including the subendothelial space of arteries.
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General structure of proteoglycans:
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1. Core protein.
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2. One or more glycosaminoglycan (GAG) chains covalently attached.
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3. GAGs are long, unbranched polysaccharides with repeating disaccharide units.
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Proteoglycans in the subendothelial space of arteries:
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1. Main types:
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- Versican (large aggregating proteoglycan).
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- Biglycan and decorin (small leucine-rich proteoglycans).
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- Perlecan (basement membrane proteoglycan).
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2. Functions:
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- Structural support and tissue organization.
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- Regulation of water content and tissue hydration.
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- Interaction with lipoproteins, particularly [[low-density lipoproteins]].
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- Modulation of cell adhesion and migration.
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- Regulation of growth factor activity.
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3. Role in atherosclerosis:
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- Retention of [[apolipoprotein B-containing lipoproteins]].
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- Contribution to the formation of [[atherosclerotic plaques]].
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- Modulation of inflammatory responses.
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4. Interactions:
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- Bind to other extracellular matrix components (e.g., collagen, elastin).
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- Interact with cell surface receptors.
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- Sequester growth factors and cytokines.
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5. Regulation:
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- Synthesis and degradation influenced by mechanical forces, growth factors, and inflammatory mediators.
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Understanding the role of proteoglycans in the [[subendothelial space]] is crucial for comprehending arterial physiology and pathophysiology, particularly in the context of atherosclerosis development.
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---
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# Hashtags
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#proteoglycans
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#subendothelial_space
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#low-density_lipoproteins
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#heart_disease
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#hyperblog
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